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A recent study has found that overweight or obesity increases the chances of pregnancy while using birth control pills. Gynecologists say that birth control pills (also known as oral contraceptives) have not enough effect on overweight or obese women. Overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9) women have 60% and obese (BMI 30 or more) women have 70% more chances of pregnancy than normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 24.9) women while taking oral contraceptives regularly. For women who missed oral contraceptive, the risk of pregnancy more than doubled compare to overweight or obese women. Study says that out of hundred overweight women taking the oral contraceptives, five got pregnant while only three out of hundred normal weight women who take oral contraceptives got pregnant each year.

The reason of failure of oral contraceptives is not clearly known. This is a big research area. They said there are several possibilities for failure of oral contraceptives in obese women.

The hormones in oral contraceptives are soluble in fat which is in enough quantity in obese women. Due to this, fat hormones dissolve in fat rather than entering the bloodstream.

Metabolism is also a major cause. The basal metabolic rate increases according to body weight; more the body weight, more basal metabolic rate. The increase in metabolic rate decreases the duration of medication effect. This is the also one of the causes due to which oral contraceptives do not work.

Due to obesity, there is an increase in liver enzymes which help metabolize the hormones in oral contraceptives.

Nowadays the hormones level in oral contraceptives is reduced by five times than first introduced.

Circulating blood volume in obese women is greater than normal women in which the steroids are transported. Fat cells may sequester steroids. Obese women also metabolize steroids in different way than normal one.

Now the real question arises. Should overweight women who dont want to risk an unplanned pregnancy should take more oral contraceptives or higher dose oral contraceptives or not? Gynecologists say it is not necessarily because overweight or obese women have more chances of cardiovascular disease risk factors than normal weight women. They suggest that obese women who completed childbearing use some permanent form of birth control such as tubal sterilization.

Obese women who want to be pregnant may use condom or other methods. Another method for obese women suggests that first they should lose their weight, and then plan to use oral contraceptives. For weight loss, obese women can use weight loss diet pills, natural supplements, exercise, yoga and other weight loss programs. Through exercise losing weight takes more time which is not considerable for women. For quick weight loss they can use weight loss diet pills.

Gynecologists say that birth control pills (oral contraceptives) may have many side effects; one of them is weight gain or obesity. Most of the women get five pounds weight after taking oral contraceptives. Normally women get weight after few days or a month from starting of taking the pills. In most of the cases, women gain weight who do not take oral contraceptives in the last half of their menstrual cycle; this is due to hormonal changes. This is also important to know why women get obese by taking oral contraceptives. Reasons for this are as follows.

Due to oral contraceptives, the level of metabolism alters. This is because both the estrogen and progestin present in these pills can cause fluid retention, a temporary effect that often begins in the first month as a result of an increase in sodium. The cause of weight gain (increase of hips, breast, or thigh) is due to estrogen.

Oral contraceptives contain progestin which cause increase in appetite and permanent weight gain.

Pills administered for depression may also be the cause of weight gain.

women who get weight due to oral contraceptives may loose weight through weight loss diet pills, natural supplements, exercise, yoga and other weight loss programs.

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Pregnancy can be a challenging phase for your spouse. Maintaining a healthy posture will help her keep back problems away. An exercise routine will especially help her to keep fit. Your spouse can begin an exercise routine even if she has never really exercised before. walking, swimming, pre-natal yoga, and simple aerobics are ideal forms of exercise during pregnancy.

These are some of the things your spouse may need to remember if she is starting an exercise routine:

All exercise programs should be begun gradually. Starting with about 15 minutes, three to four days a week is sufficient.

She should resist the temptation to overdo it.

She should avoid jogging, unless she used to jog regularly before her pregnancy.

She should avoid doing sit-ups and other exercises, which involve lying on the back as they may decrease blood flow to the uterus.

Exercises that involve standing in the same place for long periods can also decrease blood flow to the baby. It is better to keep moving or changing positions frequently.

She should avoid strenuous forms of exercise, such as riding a bike.

She should wear loose comfortable clothing and avoid overheating.

She must drink adequate amounts of water to avoid dehydration.

She should eat healthy foods to make up for calories lost during exercise.

If, after exercise, she notices symptoms such as fatigue, pain, nausea, vaginal bleeding or discharge, or pelvic contractions, she should contact her doctor immediately.

Whether your spouse is pregnant or not, exercise is one of the best things she can do for her physical and emotional health. The American college of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends that pregnant women without health problems or pregnancy complications exercise moderately for 30 minutes or more on most, if not all, days of the week.

pregnant or not, exercise helps keep the heart, bones, and mind healthy. Staying active also seems to give some special added paybacks for pregnant women.

here are some really good reasons for your spouse to get regular exercise during pregnancy:

It can ease and prevent aches and pains of pregnancy including constipation, varicose veins, backaches, and exhaustion

Active women seem to be better prepared for labor and delivery and recover more quickly

Exercise may lower the risk of high blood pressure and diabetes during pregnancy

Fit women have an easier time getting back to a healthy weight after delivery

Regular exercise may improve sleep during pregnancy.

Staying active can protect your spouses emotional health. pregnant women who exercise seem to have better self-esteem and a lower risk of depression and anxiety. Get more information for pregnancy exercise

Golf ball material is not the most popular subject but I actually took a look at some of the history behind creation of the golf ball and its materials. prepare to be amazed all you avid Golf fans Lol! A famous quote from a well know

English Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill once described Golf as -

"a game whose aim is to hit a very small ball into an even smaller hole, with weapons singularly ill-designed for the purpose."

I use this quote to illustrate how Golf ball material has been an important advancement in the game, and to clear the this term Golf ball material up, what is meant is the actual material used to make a Golf ball and the actual Golf ball material.

At the time Sir Winston made this quote he may have been right but today this just is not the case, sophisticated material is the order of the day, where Golf ball material is concerned.

The most notable advance has been golf club head sizes, big and small heads, although they have generally kept the same shape.

Looking at an actual Golf ball and the Golf ball material we can see that the balls today are remarkably similar to the 19th century balls, the difference though cant be seen because it is in side the ball that there has been upgrades. These can be accredited to either chemistry or physics. These advances have meant that ball can be hit further bend in the air and still have the ability to stop on landing.

Golf ball material was not always as sophisticated as it is today back in the 15th century Scotland the Golf ball was made out beech wood. In the early 17th century was the arrival of the featherie this consisted of a leather pouch stuffed with boiled feathers from chickens or geese.

More development for the Golf ball in 1848 the Gutty was hatched it was made from gutta-percha, which is a coagulated latex, consisting mainly of trans-1,2-polyisoprene, that exudes as sap from sapodilla trees. When the sap is heated then rolled into a ball it would create a virtually indestructible ball.

The late 1800 begun the manufacturing of rubber golf ball materials from moulds The ohio-based tire and rubber company B.F. Goodrich introduced the first ball that had rubber threads wound around a natural rubber core. These developments were exciting for the golf between 1800 and 1950 there was even an incident that involved an exploding Golf ball.

By the late 1950s came a major development from Richard W. Rees, a chemist. He created a material that would ultimately transform the game of golf and golf ball material. With the help of another chemist Rees produces a substance called ionomer resin, the ultimate Golf ball material! (for the outer shell) Better still when this substance was rolled into a Golf ball it showed tremendous potential.

Rees went commercial with the product in the 1960s under the Surlyn trade name, which introduced its use as golf ball material on the amateur market.

Around the same time Rees was developing Surlyn a chemical engineer Robert A. Molitor who worked for Spalding, sporting goods manufacturers developed a ball that had an outers shell made of polyurethane and a synthetic polybutadiene rubber core.

Later Molitors outer core was replaced with Rees Surlyn. These two golf ball materials became know as the distance ball. This multi layered approach is now the theme of Golf balls, the first one hit the scene in 1996, which launched the distance revolution.

Chemist Tom Kennedy, vice president of research and development for Top-flite Golf, has summed up quite nicely what the objective was for golf ball material-

Firstly, "You want to reduce the spin that comes off the driver so that you don't have the ball ballooning up in the air and losing distance; hence the mantle"

Secondly, "Then, in order to have a good playing ball around the green, you have the very soft outer cover."

The latest golf ball material is found in Titleist's solid-core Pro V1, and the average driving distance of professionals as increased by more than 6 yards according to Golf digest magazine. The latest Golf ball material is said to be polyurethane with ionomer resin as the outer Golf ball material.

Now you know the importance of golf ball material why not improve your golf swing! Click my link below to uncover an advanced method of doing so.

A writer on various subjects of interest, with an aim to increase the public perception. http://insightempire.com/Golfmagic/index.html